Ethnic groups of Russia: Kalmyks

About 180,000 Kalmyks live in Russia, primarily in the Republic of Kalmykia in the southern European part of the country. They belong to the ‘Oirat’ group of Mongolian ethnic groups. Kalmyk means ‘remaining’, meaning those who separated from the main Oirat Mongols.

Kalmyks are the only ethnic group in Europe who practice Tibetan Buddhism. The Golden Abode of the Buddha Sakyamuni in Elista, the capital of Kalmykia, is among the largest and most beautiful Buddhist temples in the world.

The national wrestling called ‘Bek Barildan’ is one of the most beloved pastimes of the Kalmyks. It was described in ancient heroic epics and celebrated by poets. Kalmykia regularly hosts ‘Bek Barildan’ competitions. They’re also occasionally held in Moscow.

The main dish of Kalmyk cuisine is ‘Makhan sheltyan’, a lamb soup with potatoes and onions. Green tea called ‘Dzhomba’, made with milk, butter and salt, meanwhile, is also very popular. It not only warms you up, but also keeps you full for a long time!