In Russian, adjectives agree with nouns not only in gender and number, but also in case.
In this lesson, we will study the forms of the Instrumental case of adjectives.
The table below shows the endings of adjectives in the Instrumental case.
Gender/Number | Nominative → Instrumental | Examples |
Masculine -ым/-им | ый, ой → ым | новый → новым |
after к, г, х, ч, ж, ш, щ ой → им | большой → большим | |
ий → им | синий → синим | |
Neuter -ым/-им | ое → ым | новое → новым |
after к, г, х, ч, ж, ш, щ ое → им | большое → большим | |
ее → им | синее → синим | |
Feminine -ой/-ей | ая → ой | новая → новой больша́я → большо́й |
after ч, ж, ш, щ, ц if the ending is not stressed ая → ей | хоро́шая → хоро́шей | |
яя → ей | синяя → синей | |
Plural -ыми/-ими | ые → ыми | новые → новыми |
ие → ими | большие → большими |
How to use the table
The above table helps you change adjectives from the Nominative case into the Instrumental case.
- Look at the ending of the adjective in the Nominative case (for example, ‘новый’, ‘большое’, ‘хорошая’, ‘синие’).
- Replace the ending with the correct Instrumental ending according to the rules table.
For example:
- Nominative: новый (masculine) → Instrumental: новым
- Nominative: синие (plural) → Instrumental: синими
Listen to the audio & read the examples:
1. Сегодня я познакомился с новыми коллегами.
Today, I met the new colleagues.
2. Мой друг увлекается русской историей.
My friend is fond of Russian history.
3. Обычно это блюдо едят с красным вином.
This dish is usually eaten with red wine.
4. Мой брат хочет стать популярным блогером.
My brother wants to become a popular blogger.
5. Он хочет стать богатым и знаменитым.
He wants to become rich and famous.
6. Моя бабушка была очень доброй.
My grandmother was very kind.
NOTE!
When we use the verbs ‘быть’ (‘to be’) and ‘стать’ (‘to become’) with adjectives, the adjective must be in the Instrumental case, like in examples 5 and 6.
Listen to the audio to hear the correct answers
Listen to the audio to hear the correct answers
Listen to the audio to hear the correct answers
Listen to the audio to hear the correct answers
Now, read the text once again and listen to the audio